![]() Currently, the availability of specific quality-markers for the various species and effective identification methods are still limited. The safety, efficacy, and authenticity of Pheretima is an important issue. ![]() A recent report revealed ~ 55% of Pheretima in the commercial marketplace may be adulterated by other species, contrary to the Pharmacopoeia standard. There are four species of Pheretima specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), i.e. Pheretima is a common and valuable animal-derived medication used in traditional Chinese medicine.
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